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Utilizzo dell'Anti-CD14 Angelo Micozzi Le malattie del periodonto sono costituite, principalmente, da processi infiammatori di origine batterica, i quali coinvolgono le strutture che circondano il dente. Si distinguono, principalmente, due forme: gengiviti, in cui la flogosi interessa solo la gengiva, senza interessamento dell'osso alveolare; periodontiti, nelle quali si determinano lesioni distruttive dell'alveolo e delle fibre collagene, con conseguente caduta del dente. In entrambe le forme, un ruolo fondamentale è rivestito dai batteri della placca sottogengivale, i quali stimolano l'insieme delle risposte (infiammatorie e specifiche) del sistema immunitario, da cui dipendono gran parte dei meccanismi patogenetici. |
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I batteri
coinvolti in queste patologie sono molteplici: prevotella melaninogenica,
fusobacterium nucleatum, treponema spp., haemophilus spp., capnocytophaga
spp. (nelle gengiviti); actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella spp.,
bacteroides spp., capnocytophaga ochracea, fusobacterium spp. (nelle
periodontiti giovanili); porphyromonas gingivalis e endodontalis, prevotella
melaninogenica, capnocytophaga gingivalis e ochracea, actinobacillus
actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, eikenella corrodens [1],
streptococcus spp. (nelle periodontiti dell'adulto). |
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